MSCs, Exosomes, And Aging

Cellular aging reflects accumulated damage across genetic sequences, epigenetic regulation, and mitochondrial function. As replication errors compound and telomeres shorten, cells trigger senescence or apoptosis, releasing inflammatory factors that accelerate tissue decline. Senescent cells spread their dysfunction to healthy neighbors through secreted proteins and extracellular vesicles, creating a cascade of chronic inflammation tied to cardiovascular disease, fibrosis, and cognitive decline.

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) possess unique regenerative capabilities that address multiple aging pathways simultaneously. Their secretomes contain anti-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and functional mitochondria that can be transferred to damaged tissues. Discover how MSC-derived extracellular vesicles reduce cellular senescence markers in animal models and extend both lifespan and healthspan in progeria studies.

Learn which tissue sources and donor characteristics influence therapeutic potency, and explore emerging clinical applications targeting age-related fibrotic diseases, cognitive impairment, and metabolic dysfunction. The evidence suggests that MSC therapies may compress morbidity into fewer years while enhancing functional capacity throughout aging.