Exploring NK Cells And TILs: Emerging Strategies In Immunotherapy

CAR-T cell therapy faces challenges like relapse, toxicity, and limited efficacy against solid tumors. This has fueled the search for next-generation therapies, with Natural Killer (NK) cells and Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) showing significant promise.

NK cells, part of the innate immune system, are attractive because they are not restricted by antigen recognition, offering broad tumor reactivity and the potential for "off-the-shelf" allogeneic use with a reduced risk of off-target effects. TILs, isolated directly from a patient's tumor, possess an intrinsic ability to survive and function within the hostile tumor microenvironment, making them particularly exciting for solid malignancies.

A major hurdle for both approaches is manufacturability and scalability, requiring high-cost, labor-intensive production under CGMP conditions. Advancements in automation, stealth technology, and the development of NK cell engagers are driving the field forward, with the potential for personalized and combination immunotherapies on the horizon.

To explore the scientific foundations, emerging technologies, and future directions of these therapies, access the full Q&A now.