Overview Of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Global Clinical Trial Landscape

Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype of breast cancer and presents unique treatment challenges due to the lack of estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and HER2 expression. While chemotherapy remains the standard treatment, advancements in biomarker-driven therapies are on the rise. Notable developments include PARP inhibitors for patients with BRCA mutations and immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-L1 positive tumors. Since 2019, over 1,500 clinical trials have been initiated, predominantly in North America, with the Asia-Pacific region demonstrating quicker recruitment. Emerging biomarkers, including BRCA1/2 mutations and PD-L1 expression, are pivotal in refining treatment strategies, along with other targets like FGFR amplification and alterations in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. These innovations are crucial for enhancing precision medicine approaches in TNBC, aiming to improve patient outcomes.